The Brief Introduction Of Globalization Cultural Studies Essay

The Brief Introduction Of Globalization Cultural Studies leavenGlobalization is something that has been with the kind race ever since the land has begun. From topical anaesthetic to globose, we could proportion this to the result of world innovation and scientific progress. Globalization from the word domain(prenominal) means facing pages by means ofout the globe, in new(prenominal) words spreading homophileness-wide. The aims of having a world(prenominal)ized community is to defecate interdep dyingence of the entire adult male and its mickle from for each one early(a) with concern for the rest of the world at the spending of study self- suppuration and self-interests. Globalization became world-wide popular intimately 1992, when most tribe talked intimately it mainly in the field of prudence. But at present, it has been spoken of as a fashion word, and it attracts much attention from he academic scholars. The reason is that globalisation has been an uns toppable world trend which miscellaneas the self-colored world so greatly that no countries and nations poop be separated from it.But what is globalisation? forrader answering this question, we have to admit that there is no universal translation about it. This is because the concept of globalization doesnt bang into the cast of characters at the actu onlyy fixning in human history. It develops into the present being through a long historic parade. Widely speaking, it come tos to the exchanges and utilizations among contrasting resources and return factors, and the interactions, conformity and coordination of human activities and their achievement. Therefore, it includes at least two essential factors firstly, the activity in spot must overstep one argona or one nation, at the same time it has to show the trend of continuing development. Secondly, the participants should be associate to each some other, non being isolated.B, The constitution of globalizationBesides, the constitution of globalization involves many another(prenominal)(prenominal) fields of human society, including economy, politics, coating, ideology and so on.. Dating fundament the history of globalization, it began from the frugal expansion, and it was Europeans that lift the curtain of globalization when they established colonies beyond their lodge counties. And then follow the expansion of gardening, civilization, region or ideology, and so on2 Some main lark abouts of globalization and the according reasons of them.A, Integration of world economyFirst of all, globalization is mainly drived by the profit of economy. From the prouder up introduction, we know that globalization started by the expansion of colony, from which colonists earningsed a lot of bullion , in other words, they build their treasure by doing so. Therefore , today the desegregation of world economy is regarded as the foundation, main cause, motivation and figure of globalization. It is firs t shown by the world(prenominal)ization of manufacturing systems. The world production has undergone a historical trans defining since the 2oth century, under the influence of development of technology and the promotion of technological revolution as head as the application of mass production factors. Many big companies of developed countries build their companies or factories in abroad countries where they could make unspoilt use of the infixed labor force and other resources by paying lower comprise. Whereby the could form commodious multinational pile which greatly supercharges international production. Economic integration through trade, migration, corking flows and communicating flows has been officially virtually since 1870. This new concept could noticeably profit if ground on D. Ricardo stinting theory of comparative advantage. The latter theory states that each rural ara should produce those products/services, which they can produce/provide with the lowest prob powerfulness cost and total production cost. Hence, allowe all countries to produce and trade in the most efficient mode so that the highest attainable welf be for all countries is reached.Nowadays, multinational coporations have overspreaded among more(prenominal) than160 countries in the world. They wee-wee 40 percents of the whole worlds total output value 90 percents of the world market sh atomic number 18s, 80 percents international scotch trade, 90 percents of the international technological trade. In 1996, the amount of the multinational corperations reached over 44000. They invested their capitals to overseas to make s greater profit. With the furthering inauguration of the market and the expansion of the trade scale, the world manpower and material and technological resources atomic number 18 all absorbed into the world production systems, in which they atomic number 18 interdependent and impartible with each other.Besides, a gigantic mount of financial capit al move at a high speed in the pluck of whole word. Since the World War11, drived by the market demands and investing interest, a mammoth mount of money has been use beyond the issuing countries. With the exploration of overseas business and production and development of technologies, financial capital last stone-broke from the constraintion of national boundaries and practical tools which made become real international citizens. A study shows that the current financial capital market in the world has reached 3 d0 billion dollars, and the overseas capital reached more than 1000 billion dollars. The uniting of international financial capital is not only large in amount save overly move at a agile speed. Owing to the contemporary science and technology, the treasure activity with a huge sum of money can be conducted by a plow or whatever fast means. With the huge treasure accumulation high movement of the international financial capital, the pace of the integration of world economy has super been accelerated.Whats more , the formation of world market in like manner offers a good milieu for the integration of world economy. World market refers to blank which provides a room for world- wide exchange of products, servers and technologies. It authoritatively started among the sixteenth century and the 18th century and underwent a fast development in the 19th century, and came into the form in 1970s. The current world market is a veritable global universal market, whose main symbols shown in the government agency the disconnected expansion of the exchange scale, the unification of the market rules and the expansion of market capacity and overseas business.Globalization, no national as a phenomenon or an economic trend, deeply affects every country in the world. Economies of every country are becoming more related. They infiltrate, influence and depend on each other more and more. Globalization has become an inevitable fact and trend that will not change with pots will. It brings challenge as good as chance to each country. Every country are active to digest into the way of globalization by adjusting their economic and diplomatic polices.B, Integration of world refiningCulture and economy interdependently support each other, because they often develop mickle in hand. With the global application of production factors, global capital flows and the formation of world market, several(predicate) cultures from conglomerate nations and areas are surely to exchange, conflict and blend each other in the fly the coop of globe. The conflict and collision of polar cultures help to speed up the metabolism of a new culture and form a mechanism for developing the superior and weeding out the inferior and initiate the ideological trend of parochial nationalism and cultural hegemony but cannot result in the homogeny and unification of the cultures, which is bound to result in a harmonious situation through such conflict and integ ration and finally reaches a state where balance is kept. The reason for this phenomenon lies in that the cultures reserved through a long history reflect the thought, ideology, ways of persuasion and liveness of humans. They comprise some unusual values and the world of themselves has certain finicky meaning. It is of the same importance to financial backing cultures in diversity as we do to different biology, because the diversity of culture lays an essential foundation for the sustainable and vowelize development of human society. pack with the competence thinking rationally and reflections are surely to perform that the break away of the diversity of culture means to the ruin of our humans spiritual collection plate and the cultural resources , which could push human beings to an abyss of unsustainable humans and development. Therefore, it is vital primal for us to carefully protect our cultures in diversity as we do to animals and plants and keep them from ruin.The integration of global culture refers to different cultures coexist and intergrow harmoniously under the same sky. As an important content and symbol of globalization, culture is the magnification of the integration of globalization in all educateions. Geographically speaking, it includes the conformity of the west and east cultures seeing from national perspective, it includes the integration of the cultures of both native and foreign areas considering form different levels, it includes the integration of both individual and collective cultures, and folk and official as wellspring as academic cultures viewing from the shopping mall of culture it includes the integration of the scientific culture and the literary culture from the connotation of culture perspective it in any case includes those aspects on sense of value, ways of thinking, structure of knowledge in different counties and areas. each(prenominal) these aspects provide a vital foundation for the integration of globa l culture, and it also serve as an important set of the realization of economic globalization. However, Globalization is sword with two blades. For one thing, it helped to highlight a nations culture, hold on the srength of other cultures and contribute the cultural diversity. For another, some small countries native culture are being challenged. Their distinctive cultures are driven towards extinction. For them, to refer national identity is a must. Anyhow, it is an unavoidable for a country to command part in globalization. or else, it will be kicked out of world competition sooner or later. So, what merits our special attention is how to keep and promote native culture under globalization. The priority is to enhance the cultural sentience of native pot, make them cherish and glory in ones countrys culture. When the native populate take initiative to protect and promote their own culture, no matter what influence globalization exerts, native culture will not be replaced. In clusion, globalization has given rise to a greater sense of nationalism in many countries and therefore has helped people to realise and protect their own national identity including their culture from these outside forces. Therefore although globalization is ever-changing the way a lot of us behave/eat/ order and even speak it has also helped to highlight aspects of our own cultures.C, Intergrowth of world bionomicsHuman activity is an exchange of material, energy, and information process with the natural world which can result in intensive bionomical effects. With the speeding up of the integration of world economy, humans production scale and consuming ability are largely expanded and plusd, which has seriously bear on the ecological milieu on the earth and it has greatly changed the world from its content to its magnification. ecological integration refers to the intergrowth of human and nature to reach a common prosperity in the same ecological system. And it also means that the whole humans existence and future development deeply rely on the quality of our ecological environment. However, the improvement of the environment condition requires our human being to raise our intellect of protecting it and demands our common efforts to reserve it. As an important part of the globalization, the intergrowth of world ecology is mainly shown by the flowing aspectsFirstly, human beings and all vivification things coexist on the same planet, in other words , we partake the same living space. We are just a part of this world, and existence and development deeply rely on the other parts of the world. People from different nations and areas are interdependent each other, and the world is our common home for all of us. We all have the obligation to take care of the ecological environment so as to get the room for a bankrupt future development. Although we are born to have the right to make full use our space and land where we live and belong to, we have no ri ght infiltrate that of others, not mention to the ruin of the whole ecological space that belong to all human beings.Secondly, the ecological resources are have by all human beings. It includes such factors as air, water, sunshine, land, temperature and so on, which are absolutely indispensable for people to live on this planet, which also change the peoples activities and enable them to make a large amount of achievement by taking advantage of them. Seeing from the present condition, the serious befoulment of environment is caused by people partially persrue economic growth and leading a consuming lifestyle , but concerning the pollution-maker, it is some individual coporations who make huge profit at the cost of environment that are main trusty for such matter. As peoples environmental protection intelligence gradually raise, they begin to take actions to fight against pollution, defend and maintain their environmental right, and ask to visit those who contribute to environme ntal pollution. Their behaviors lead to the formatiom of a trend of environmental protection.Thirdly, the global resources are roled by people some the word. Humans as a part of living things, we cannot do without consuming different resources offered by the nature. However, the resources on the earth are not inexhaustible, besides they belong to everybody, so they should be allotted fairly among people of different areas and generations. Therefore, any country and any generation shouldnt meet its own interest at the cost of that of other countries and generations. We dont have the right to impair the interest and potential development of others or our future generation. Peoples supposition about sharing resources among areas and generations leads to the raising consciousness of defending their right in sharing the common resources in the range of globe, which helps to lay a theoretical basis for the application of a sustainable development.At the fourth place, human beings are c onfronted with the same tasks and disasters. We have no choices but to live in the same ecological environment on this planet. We are faced with the same disasters as severe air pollution, downslope of water quality, desertification, acid rain, ozone hole, etc. All these problems have seriously affected peoples living environment and their life quality. According to the study of the World wellness Centre and American Disease Controlling Centre, each year, air pollution has made a negative effect on peoples heath of about 4-5 billion, and 40% of the world populations deaths are caused by air pollution and other environmental problems. Their conclusion is that humans activities improper behaviors on the earth are ruining themselves.At the fifth place, all human beings are answerable for the ecological environment. Human could do nothing without the support of earth, which provides essential materials for us. Since many of environmental problems that the earth facing are caused by h uman activities, and then to resolve such issues, it needs the common efforts of all people around the world. As a member of the world society, we have the full reasons to take part in the social activities to protect our common ecological environment, to keep the global ecology in balance and to beautify our common homeland.D, vernacular quotation of people in the worldMen are the nucleus and main part in the process of globalization, so the development of globalization is out of mens sense of global view and the amplify of their rough-cut dread each other in certain degree. However, on the other hand, the essence and magnification of globalization stimulate mens practice and enhance the vernacular credit entry and taking into custody. In other words, peoples mutual recognition around the world can both be regarded the cause and precondition of globalization as well as the content and magnification of it. These two aspects are interdependent and mutual reliant in the proc ess of globalization.But what does peoples mutual recognition refer to? It means that peoples mutual understanding and recognition of different countries and areas air highly increased. The interaction of their sense of value and way of thinking are also strengthened. The reason for this firstly is due to the expansion of the communication scale and the acceleration of human source exchange. Todays world is a widely opened society, with more and more people participating in such activities in business, economic trade, cultural exchange, and touring, etc, which take place in different countries and regions. The all-direction exchanges and interaction are sure to strengthen a repair communication and understanding.However, Globalization itself is a process that is completely ,uncertain and keep changing, which make it hard for people to come to consist in views of globalization because of different knowledge background, even we have had lots of consistent conclusion. Difference in k nowledge and value preference may cause different ideology, even inside of capitalism and socialism. All that difference come out all kinds of globalization theories with different ideology. system comes from real world and will serve the real world, so those different globalization theories will also affect the globalizations natural progress. Thats the ideological problem during the process of globalization, itself or implied. But such ideology difference doesnt hold the main trend of mutual complementation by frequent impact under the help of modern communication tools.The communication and understanding between people in different region are transformed via the way of information exchange. Under the help of the modern communication technology and the increase of the input information, people can have a better international view toward the world. Nowadays, we have entered a society of knowledge economy, the main ingest of such society is shown by taking information technology as the essential technology, and treating information assiduity as the leading industry. By the end of 1998,over 100 million computers had put into use by net, and more than 500 million people become net citizens, the main page of internet amounted to over 130 million with the sharply increasing trend by 100 thousand pages and 20 million new words around the world each year. As for other communication means, such newspapers, it increases 5 times as fast as the previous year, and list will go on. The highly developed communication technology and information industry has facilitated the communication of people around the world and provided a break precondition for a better interaction.Peoples mutual recognition is firstly shown by the increase of the level of peoples recognition of the present mutual understanding. Before the modern times, owing to the backwardness of communication means, people of different counties and nations were isolated from each other, so communication betw een people in sun situation seldom happened, not mention to mutual understanding. Nowadays, people of different areas can get contact with each other in a more direct way, under the help of modern communication technology, by a mingy intercourse. The popularization and attachment to the education of the world history and world geography greatly strengthen peoples understanding of the world theoretically. At the same time, the modern technology of media and the development of traffic tools has shortened the distance of people in different areas and deepened the communication between people living far away.Peoples mutual recognition is also shown by the emulation and assimilation of their way of thinking and behaving. For example, people tend to pursue a more proper and sound lifestyle. They are likely to leading a life in which they could realize their value. In the production field, the industry means begins to mode from extensive form into intensive form in order to reach a more environmental growth and a sustainable development. In the way thinking, people are likely to change from a closed way to a more open way, from reserved manner to a more original manner, and unilateral to multilateral.Besides, peoples mutual recognition is also shown in the way of infiltration and assimilation of peoples sense of value. The sense of value is the essential part of human culture as well as the guidance of peoples action. The trend of globalization can be accepted by the people around the world, because they share some common concepts such as in culture, politics, way of economic development and especially in the way of thinking. Its hard to imagine if people dont share the simmilar ideology on these aspects, what the world be like.3 thickIn conclusion, with the rapid development of globalization, we are living in a global village, and it has allowed a better communication flow amongst More actual Countries (MDCs) and Less Developed Countries (LDCs). It has enabled trade to grow, capital and education flows to increase and a better allocation of resources to be met around the world. There are many gains from globalization for companies around the world, some Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) that locate themselves in LDCs bring along growth and development, like for example employment, technology knowledge, profit reinvestment among other factors to entertain countries.Nevertheless, there are several negative aspects about globalization as well. For instance, MDCs have a tendency to profit from globalization in various ways when negotiating with LDCs. MNEs that go to LDCs for example, gain from cheaper labor force, cheaper land and tax rates. In the end however, some MNEs end up negatively affecting the master of ceremonies countrys economy by taking all profits back home, socially, by polluting the environment and finally also policy-makingly by paying bribes to the local governments to reduce tax rates or other fees.In antagonism of its controversial position in different regions, some countries like the Asian tigers or the Asian New Industrial Countries (NICs) have gained incredibly from globalization in the past 30 years. Other continents however, have proved themselves not yet ready for such a change. An example of the latter is Africa and southeast America, where due to different factors like corruption, low education level, weak political policies and poor transport infrastructure globalization hasnt been able to benefit them in a high rate like in Asian. It is therefore up to each county to decide and control Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and gain from it or not.Summing all of the above, globalization is a long time process of in the humans history. Though we couldnt give a definite rendering to it, observing from it main constitutions and the features of them, we can have a overall idea about it. It features is firstly shown in the economic field, because the globalization is basis on the development eco nomy which provide the essential precondition for globalization. Then follows the feature in culture. Culture is the carrier of any human civilization, therefore it is another important constitution of globalization. Just like the integration of world economy, people can also benefit from the integration by learning from each other. However, while we bear the diversity of different cultures we should also keep our nationalism. We also talked about the intergrowth of global ecology, because ecological system is very vital for human beings existence. It provides the basic material for our life, in other words, without the support of ecology, we can do nothing. While we are enjoying various resources that the nature offers to us, we also have to bear the obligations to preserve it from ruin. At last this paper also mentioned the mutual recognition of people involved in the globalization, because this is another precondition of globalization, as well as an important factor for mutual un derstanding. With the mutual recognition and understanding globalization can be achieved and can have a better development. It is true that there may be some negative effects of globalization, however, with its more merits , we have to admit that the trend of this tide will continue.